Annual application of straw, with or without additives such as ammonium nitrate or biofertilizers, increased the number of water-stable aggregates in the soil and reduced the amount of micropores.In a crop rotation sequence of wheat ? barley ? beans ? wheat ? triticale, adding straw with either ammonium nitrate or biofertilizers enhanced the sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC) within the plough layer. Removing straw from the field and applying only nitrogen fertilizer resulted in the greatest reduction of SOC, exacerbated in arsenic-contaminated soils. This decline was partially mitigated by balanced fertilization with mineral NPK fertilizers but not completely prevented. Incorporating straw with or without additives (ammonium nitrate or biofertilizers) increased soil CO2 exchange and reduced N2O emissions, while potentially increasing the risk of CH4 emissions. The use of biofertilizers mixed with macro- and micro-nutrients is recommended. Their effectiveness in straw mineralization is comparable to that of ammonium nitrate.