Did you know that incorporating straw into your soil, whether with ammonium nitrate or biofertilizers, can improve soil structure and carbon storage? This practice boosts the formation of water-stable aggregates, enhances soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, and reduces the number of micropores. However, skipping straw and relying only on nitrogen fertilizers, especially in arsenic-contaminated soils, leads to a significant SOC loss. Balanced use of mineral NPK fertilizers can partially counteract this loss. Additionally, while using straw with additives can increase soil CO2 exchange and lower N2O emissions, it might slightly elevate CH4 emissions. To maximize benefits, consider using biofertilizers mixed with nutrients as they perform comparably to ammonium nitrate in enhancing straw mineralization.